The term “neurogenic bladder” refers to a condition where bladder control is disrupted due to a problem with the nerves that control the bladder. This can lead to a range of urinary issues, from incontinence to difficulty urinating. In this guide, we answer some commonly asked questions about neurogenic bladder.
What is a Neurogenic Bladder?
A neurogenic bladder is a condition where the bladder doesn’t function normally because of nerve damage or neurological issues. The nervous system typically controls bladder function by sending signals between the brain and bladder muscles. When these signals are disrupted, the bladder may either overact (causing frequent urination) or underact (leading to difficulty in emptying the bladder).
What Causes a Neurogenic Bladder?
There are several underlying causes of neurogenic bladder, usually involving damage to the nervous system. Common causes include:
- Spinal cord injuries
- Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Parkinson’s disease
- Diabetes
- Stroke
- Congenital conditions like spina bifida
Trauma, tumors, or infections affecting the brain, spine, or nerves can also contribute to the development of neurogenic bladder.
What are the Symptoms of Neurogenic Bladder?
Symptoms can vary based on the type and severity of the nerve damage. Some common signs include:
- Frequent or urgent need to urinate
- Urinary incontinence (leakage)
- Difficulty starting urination
- Incomplete bladder emptying
- Straining during urination
- Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Patients may experience one or a combination of these symptoms depending on whether the bladder is overactive or underactive.
How is Neurogenic Bladder Diagnosed?
Diagnosing a neurogenic bladder involves a detailed medical history and several diagnostic tests. Some of the standard procedures include:
- Urinary function tests (urodynamics): These tests measure how well the bladder holds and releases urine.
- Imaging tests: MRI, CT scans, or ultrasounds can help identify any physical damage to the nerves or bladder.
- Post-void residual measurement: This test checks how much urine remains in the bladder after urinating.
Your healthcare provider may also conduct neurological tests to pinpoint the exact cause of the nerve dysfunction.
How is Neurogenic Bladder Treated?
Treatment for neurogenic bladder varies based on the severity of symptoms and the underlying cause. Standard treatment options include:
- Medications: Drugs like anticholinergics help relax the bladder muscles, while others may assist in improving bladder control.
- Catheterization: For those who cannot fully empty their bladder, a catheter may be used to drain urine.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgical procedures like bladder augmentation or urinary diversion may be recommended.
- Bladder training and exercises: These include techniques like timed voiding or pelvic floor exercises to improve bladder function.
Can a Neurogenic Bladder be Cured?
A neurogenic bladder often cannot be fully cured, mainly when it’s caused by irreversible nerve damage. However, with proper treatment, symptoms can be managed effectively, allowing most patients to maintain a good quality of life.
How to Prevent a Neurogenic Bladder?
Preventing a neurogenic bladder involves managing conditions that can lead to nerve damage, like diabetes and high blood pressure. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding spinal injuries, and seeking prompt medical care for infections can also reduce your risk.
When Should You Consult a Doctor for a Neurogenic Bladder?
You should see a doctor if you experience frequent urination, incontinence, difficulty urinating, or recurrent UTIs. Early intervention can help manage symptoms and prevent complications like kidney damage.
Which Specialist Treats a Neurogenic Bladder?
A neurogenic bladder is typically managed by a urologist in Jaipur who specializes in urinary conditions. In some cases, you may also need to see a neurologist if your condition is linked to a neurological disorder.
Can Physical Therapy Help Neurogenic Bladder?
Yes, physical therapy, particularly pelvic floor exercises, can be effective in managing symptoms. A trained therapist can guide you through exercises that strengthen the muscles supporting your bladder, improving control and reducing leakage.
